| First Round | ||||
| Eastern Bracket | ||||
| 1/28/34 | Brooklyn Celtic | 1 : 3 | Brooklyn Hispano | |
| 1/28/34 | Newark Germans | 2 : 1 | Canton FC (Bal.) | |
| 1/28/34 | New York Americans | 2 : 0 | Brooklyn First Germans | |
| 1/28/34 | Kearny Scots | 3 : 1 | Ryerson SC | |
| 1/21/34 | Boston Celtics | 2 : 1 | New Bedford Defenders | |
| 2/17/34 | 1L | Fairlawn Rovers | 3 : 1 | New Bedford Tressiers |
| 2/25/34 | 2L | New Bedford Tressiers | 1 : 3 | Fairlawn Rovers |
| Fairlawn Rovers advance, 6-2 on aggregate | ||||
| 1/20/34 | 1L | Pawtucket Rangers | 4 : 2 | Thornton Vics |
| 1/28/34 | 2L | Pawtucket Rangers | 2 : 3 | Thornton Vics |
| Pawtucket Rangers advance, 6-5 aggregate | ||||
| 1/21/34 | 1L | Fall River Rovers | 4 : 2 | Fall River United |
| 1/28/34 | 2L | Fall River United | 1 : 1 | Fall River Rovers |
| Fall River Rovers advance, 5-3 on aggregate | ||||
| Western Bracket | ||||
| 1/21/34 | Bartunek Slavia (Cle.) | 2 : 1 | Vienna AC (Mil.) | |
| 1/14/34 | Sparta Leader (Chi.) | 8 : 2 | Norwegian American SC (Chi.) | |
| 1/14/34 | Weiboldt Wonderbolts (Chi.) | 5 : 2 | Swedish American SC (Chi.) | |
| 1/14/34 | Stix, Baer & Fuller (St. L) | 6 : 1 | Minit Rubs (St. L) | |
| Sons of Malta (Det.) | 2 : 0 | Swedish American SC (Det.) | ||
| 1/14/34 | Cleveland Indians | 2 : 0 | Shamrocks SC (Cle.) | |
| 12/17/33 | Ben Miller SC (St. L) | 4 : 4 | Andersons (St. L) | |
| 1/7/34 | R | Ben Miller SC (St. L) | 6 : 2 | Andersons (St. L) |
| 1/14/34 | Curry Silver Tops (Pit.) | 1 : 1 (aet) | Morgan (Pit.) | |
| 1/22/34 | R | Curry Silver Tops | 2 : 1 | Morgan |
| Second Round | ||||
| Eastern Bracket | ||||
| 2/18/34 | 1L | Boston Celtics | 4 : 1 | Fall River Rovers |
| 2/25/34 | 2L | Fall River Rovers | 0 : 1 | Boston Celtics |
| Boston Celtics advance, 5-1 on aggregate | ||||
| 3/3/34 | 1L | Pawtucket Rangers | 5 : 4 | Fairlawn Rovers |
| 3/4/34 | 2L | Pawtucket Rangers | 3 : 3 | Fairlawn Rovers |
| Pawtucket Rangers advance on 8-7 aggregate | ||||
| 2/11/34 | Newark First Germans | 1 : 1 | Kearny Scots | |
| 2/25/34 | R | Newark First Germans | 3 : 0 | Kearny Scots |
| 3/4/34 | New York Americans | 0 : 1 | Brooklyn Hispano | |
| Western Bracket | ||||
| 2/4/34 | Stix, Baer & Fuller | 3 : 0 | Sons of Malta | |
| 2/4/34 | Sparta Leader | 6 : 0 | Cleveland Indians | |
| 2/4/34 | Curry Silver Tops | 0 : 0 | Rosenblum Slavia | |
| 2/11/34 | R | Curry Silver Tops | 2 : 0 | Rosenblum Slavia |
| 2/4/34 | Ben Miller SC | 1 : 3 | Weiboldt Wonderbolts | |
| Quarterfinals | ||||
| 3/10/34 | 1L | Newark Germans | 1 : 1 | Brooklyn Hispano |
| 3/17/34 | 2L | Newark Germans | 2 : 2 | Brooklyn Hispano |
| 3/18/34 | 3L | Brooklyn Hispano | 3 : 2 | Newark Germans |
| Brooklyn Hispano advance on 6-5 aggregate | ||||
| 3/10/34 | 1L | Pawtucket Rangers | 3 : 1 | Boston Celtics |
| 3/18/34 | 2L | Boston Celtics | 1 : 5 | Pawtucket Rangers |
| Pawtucket Rangers advance on 8-2 aggregate | ||||
| 2/18/34 | Stix, Baer & Fuller | 4 : 0 | Curry Silver Tops | |
| 3/4/34 | Sparta Leader | 1 : 2 | Weiboldt Wonderbolts | |
| Semifinals | ||||
| 3/24/34 | 1L | Pawtucket Rangers | 6 : 0 | Brooklyn Hispano |
| 3/25/34 | 2L | Brooklyn Hispano | 2 : 4 | Pawtucket Rangers |
| Pawtucket Rangers advance on 10-2 aggregate | ||||
| 3/11/34 | 1L | Wieboldt Wonderbolts | 2 : 5 | Stix, Baer & Fuller |
| 3/18/34 | 2L | Wieboldt Wonderbolts | 1 : 0 | Stix, Baer & Fuller |
| 3/25/34 | 3L | Stix, Baer & Fuller | 2 : 0 | Wieboldt Wonderbolts |
| Stix, Baer & Fuller advance on 7-3 aggregate | ||||
| Final | ||||
| First Leg – at Walsh Memorial Stadium – St. Louis, Missouri | ||||
| 4/1/34 | Stix, Baer & Fuller | 4 : 2 (aet) | Pawtucket Rangers | |
| Second Leg – at Coats Field – Pawtucket, Rhode Island | ||||
| 4/8/34 | Pawtucket Rangers | 3 : 2 | Stix, Baer & Fuller | |
| Third Leg – at Walsh Memorial Stadium – St. Louis, Missouri | ||||
| 4/16/34 | Stix, Baer & Fuller | 5 : 0 | Pawtucket Rangers | |
| Stix, Baer & Fuller win National Challenge Cup on 11-5 aggregate | ||||
| KEY – w/o – Walkover, R – Replay, 1L – 1st Leg, 2L – 2nd Leg, 3L – 3rd Leg | ||||